Geriatrics

Program Information

Faculty:     Pat Borman, MD
                 Eric Troyer, MD

 

Resident Chairperson:

 

(2005 - 2006): Oana Marcu

 

The practice of geriatrics embodies intensive application of nearly all the traditional principles of Family Medicine. These principles include:

  • Continuity of Care
  • Comprehensive scope of health management
  • Use of family relationships in the diagnosis and treatment
  • Utilization of the doctor/patient relationship as medicine
  • Focus on common problems and chronic disease
  • Maintaining function as the primary therapeutic goal

Geriatric skills and knowledge are acquired longitudinally throughout the three years of residency. In the second and third years, special attention is devoted to learning geriatric principles as outlined below. The AAFP has designated geriatrics as a segment of the certifying exam which is to be especially evaluated. After the curriculum outline are the AAFP objectives and goals for geriatrics: Geriatric Medicine Training for Family Practice Residents in the 21st Century also available at www.aafp.org.

Geriatric Didactics

With 6 didactic presentations every 18 months the geriatric didactic series covers the following topics:

End of Life Communication Skills

Palliative Care

Geriatric Depression

Polypharmacy

Delirium

Dementia

Sensory Changes of Aging: Hearing, Vision, Proprioception

Falls Evaluation and Prevention

Pressure Ulcers

Malnutrition

Sexuality and Aging

Elder Abuse

Geriatric Assessment

Second year residents will have the opportunity to develop skills in geriatric assessment. During their own continuity clinics each resident can work with one of the geriatric faculty to become familiar with geriatric assessment skills and the common tools for screening elderly for functional decline and geriatric syndromes. Four clinics throughout the second year will solidify the knowledge and skills for geriatric assessment.

Goals and Objectives

Knowledge

    References:

    1. Palmer RM. Geriatric Assessment. Medical Clinics of North American. Nov 1999.

    2. Foley KT, Palmer RM. Evaluation of Frail Elderly: Tools for Office Practice. Hospital Medicine. June 1996.

    3. Miller KE, Zylstra RG, Standbridge JB. The Geriatric Patient: A Systematic Approach to Maintaning Health. American Family Physician, Feb 2000.

    Geriatric Assessment Tools:

    1. Swedish Family Medicine Geriatric Assessment Tool includes Katz Activities of Daily Living, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Tinetti Get Up and Go tests.
    2. Folstein Mini Mental Status Examination MMSE
    3. Vesavage Geriatric Depression Scale

     

    R2 Geriatrics Rotation

    1.  Mary Jane Lambert, MD will supervise residents in guided introduction to nursing home care. Residents should contact her before their rotation starts. Dr. Lambert’s nursing home day is Monday so residents should be scheduled with this in mind. 

    Mary Jane Lambert, Group Health Cooperative, 

    835 King Street #815, Seattle.  

    206-326-4450.  lambert.m@ghc.org

    An initial orientation session is required, where an overview of the rotation is given along with handouts on assessment tools. Residents will meet with the director of nursing services at Kline Galland Home to receive a tour of the facility.

    Min Ahn, RN

    Kline Galland Home

    7500 Seward Park Ave. S (just south of Othello St.)

    206-725-8800

    The resident will make nursing home rounds with Dr. Lambert or her geriatric nurse practitioner twice a week.  Part of the rotation will be to visit the Ballard Transitional Care Unit and see the workings of an assisted living facility. Dr. Lambert will help arrange these experiences.  An exit meeting with Dr. Lambert to assess the rotation upon completion is required.

    2.  The residents will also contact Swedish Home Care Services to set up home visit experiences with the home health care team.  Hospice involvement is also recommended.

    Jan Mueller

    Director of Swedish Home Care Services

    5701 6th Ave S #504

    Seattle, WA 98108

    206-386-6602

    3. Long term care with Pat Borman, MD and include:

    Time with the geriatric fellows at ElderPlace, a program for all inclusive care of the very frail elderly

    Additional nursing home exposure with Dr. Borman or Dr. Troyer

    A palliative care self study course

    4.  Long term care with Eric Troyer, MD and the geriatric fellows at Bessie Burton Sullivan.  Page Dr. Troyer at 405-7081 or e-mail on First Class.  Plan on two half-days mostly on Friday mornings.

    5.  Elderplace with Assad Kazemi, MD at 5900 Martin Luther King Jr. Way S.  Phone: 320-5325.  Plan for at least two half-days to learn about all-inclusive care for the frail and elderly.  Times available Tuesday mornings, Wednesday afternoons, and all day Thursdays.

    6.  Geriatric Fellows are available for outpatient experiences at First Hill clinic on Monday afternoons or Thursday mornings.

    7.  Swedish Home Care Services schedule with Cindy Thompson at 386-6602.  Residents can participate in Home Health Services or Hospice visits.

    R2 and R3 Long Term Care Longitudinal Experience

    After each second year resident has completed their continuity clinic month they will be assigned a patient at either Kline Galland or Bessie Burton Sullivan Nursing Homes. The resident will manage all aspects of the long term care of this patient until graduation under the supervision of the geriatric faculty. Part of the long term care experience will be to learn about Medicare and Medicaid regulations for long term care institutions. Residents will also acquire knowledge about non-institutional long term care options for the functionally impaired.

    Goals and Objectives

    Knowledge

    • Understand the different roles of sub-acute, short term and long term care in the continuum of geriatric health care needs
    • Develop basic knowledge of Medicare, Medicaide, private insurance and private payment funding of long term care
    • Understand the evaluation and treatment of common medical complications in the long term care setting including infections, malnutrition, dementia, delirium and pressure ulcers
    • Discuss end of life planning from the physician, patient and family perspectives.

    Skills

    • Interview patients and families to explore their values on end of life care
    • Provide appropriate preventative, chronic and acute medical care in the long term care setting
    • Develop criteria for long term care placement and return to the community for sub-acute care patients
    • Use geriatric assessment tools to measure functional status of long term care patients

    References:

    1. Bedsine RW, Rubenstein LZ, Snyder L: Medical Care of the Nursing Home Resident What Physicians Need to Know,. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
    2. Ahmed S, Sims RV: Demographic Characteristics of United States Nursing Homes and Their Residents: Highlights of the National Nursing Home Survey, 1995. Annals of Long Term Care, Nov. 2000.
    3. Ettinger WH: The Business of Medicine The Balanced Budget Act of 1997: Implications for the Practice of Geriatric Medicine. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, April 1998.

    R3 Geriatric Rotation

    AAFP Geriatric Medicine Training

    For Family Practice Residents in the 21st Century

    Knowledge

    Residents must demonstrate knowledge about established and evolving biomedical, clinical, and social aspects of geriatric medicine practice and the application of this knowledge to patient care. Topic areas of particular importance include:

    • Normal aging and physiology
    • Normal psychological, social and environmental changes of aging
    • The tendency of the elderly to experience iatrogenic illness (adverse effect from medications, institutionalization or diagnostic tests)
    • Principles of health maintenance including wellness, nutrition and exercise
    • Financial aspects of health care of the elderly including regulations governing practice in the home and long term care settings
    • Management of diseases that occur more commonly in the elderly
    • Identification and management of the Geriatric Syndromes:

    Dementia Pressure Ulcers

    Delirium Sensory Impairment: Hearing, Vision

    Depression Elder Abuse

    Incontinence Polypharmacy

    Falls/Mobility/Balance Malnutrition

    Immobillity

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    Goals/Objectives  

    Residents must be able to provide patient care that is compassionate, appropriate and effective for the treatment of health problems and the promotion of health of the older adult. Residents are expected to:

    • Perform the components of a comprehensive geriatric assessment
    • Demonstrate competence and medical decision-making taking into account family/personal/cultural/spiritual values of the individual
    • Identify and work effectively with the older adult’s caregivers
    • Provide palliative care, pain management and end-of-life care in the context of family and individual values
    • Develop the skills to management patients in transition between settings: between ambulatory, hospital, long term care, and home care
    • Develop skills to provide continuity of care for older adults in the home, assisted living, rehabilitation, nursing home and hospice
    • Understand Medicare and Medicaid regulations and demonstrate appropriate billing applying current E and M coding

    Residents must demonstrate a commitment to carrying out professional responsibilities, adherence to ethical principles, and sensitivity to a diverse patient population. Specifically, residents are expected to:

    • Demonstrate a commitment to maintaining and improving the older patient’s functional abilities and independence
    • Demonstrate sensitivity and responsiveness to the patient’s age, gender, disabilities and culture
    • Demonstrate a commitment to ethical principles pertaining to the provision or withholding of clinical care.

    Demonstrate interpersonal and communication skills that result in effective information exchange and teaming with older patients, their families and professionals from varied disciplines.

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    Reading List

    1. Gallo, J.J., Reichel, W and Andersen, L: Handbook of Geriatric Assessment, (Rockville, M.D.: Aspen Publishers, 1988), Chapters 2-6.

    2. American Geriatric Society, Geriatric Review Syllabus, Geriatric Syndromes, Assessment, Ethics

    3. Palmer, RM. Screeing Geriatric Assessment, Med Clin of NA Nov 1999, 83(6).

    4. Monane M. Optimal medication use in elders. Key to successful aging, West J Med, Oct 1997, 176(4)

    5. Treatment of Agitation in older persons with dementia. Postgraduate Med, April 1998 Spec No 1-88.

    6. Practice Guideline for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's Disease Other dementias of late life. 1st ed. Washington DC: The Association, c1997 from NIH/NLM HealthSTAR; NCI CANCERLIT

    7. At the Healthlinks website reading topics from Up to Date include: Geriatric Assessment, Geriatric Health Maintenance, Approach to the evaluation of older drivers, Medical Care of the Nursing Home Resident, Psychotropic Drug Use in Nursing Homes, Treatment of Dementia, Overview of Falls in the Elderly, Clinical presentation of Urinary Incontinence, Dementia Syndromes, Diagnosis of delirium and confusional states, Elder Abuse, and Treatment of orthostatic and postprandial hypotension

    8. At the AAFP web site www.aafp.org home page view Clinical Care and Research, click on American Family Physician. The search feature of this journal can be used to read on each of the geriatric syndromes: Sensory Changes of Aging, Delirium, Dementia, Depression, Incontinence, Falls, Sleep Problems in the Elderly, Polypharmacy, Oesteoarthritis, Osteoporosis, Malnutrition and Weight loss, Dizziness and Syncope, pressure Ulcers, Constipation, and Elder Abuse